pH meters – which one to buy

I have been looking at several blogs to see which pH meters were used by home brewers. It is a fantastic tool, but can also be quite expensive. Never the less I recommend that everyone with an interest in the details of how your wine, mead or beer develops to purchase a proper pH meter. But as always it is important to look around before you buy. I came across 5 different brands with pH meters with products that could be used for home brewing. These were Hanna Instruments Milwaukee Instruments Adwa Instruments HM Digital and Atago Other brands are available on the web but as far as I know […]

2014 batch 2: Currant mead (3) – Fermentation progress

I have spend several days monitoring how the fermentation has progressed: Monday the 27th of OctoberThe following day I opened the fermenter and sampled for gravity and pH. pH: 3.84SG: 1.110Temp: NA Bugger, I forgot to measure temperature (?). Never the less it is interesting to see that pH had fallen from 4.7 to 3.8 due to the CO2 produced by the yeast. This is still in the start-up of the fermentation so yeast count is probably increasing. The resulting SG shows a decrease in gravity of 0.010. Then I added the second nutrient pack:Fermaid K: 2.0 gMAP: 4.0 gMAC: 3.0 gK2CO3: 2.0gTotal: 64 ppm N and 57 ppm K+ […]

2014 batch 2: Currant mead (2) – Fermentation start

Recipe: 7200 g of Summer honey, 2014 140 g of Spring honey, 2014 5 Nutrient packs according to SNA scheme Water to 20 L 3.5 L of currant juice Starter: As always I am aiming at a starting gravity of 1.120 which is so high that it could become difficult for the yeast to really get started – So just in case I initiated the fermentation with a starter at a little less than half the gravity. I dissolved 140 g of “spring honey” in 800 ml warm water, covered the glass and let it cool to room temperature.  pH: 5.98SG: 1.058 Just before adding the yeast I whipped the […]

2014 batch 2: Currant mead – SNA scheme (JPEG)

I could not figure out how to attach a file to the blog, so I just scanned the SNA scheme that I prepared. It look like this: For some reason, the last line of the page is not scanned – that is what you get when you buy a cheap printer/scanner.  Everything is calculated once you entered the weighed amounts. The scheme is set up for additions over 5 days but will be adjusted according to how this mead behaves. 

2014 batch 2: Currant mead – SNA preparations

This time I will try to make a currant mead using the current juice I prepared this summer and have been storing in the freezer since (ref. HERE). Secondly, I will try to keep the fermentation strong until the max ABV is reached by Staggered Nutrition Addition. Basically there is not much else but glucose and fructose in the must. This means that if nutrients need to be added to avoid a sluggish fermentation. As far as I can find on the internet I need:300 ppm of FAN/YAN300 ppm of potassium.and yeast nutrients in general. For this I used Fermaid K and since I still have not been able to […]

…… and what to do with the abdicating queen.

When taking the old queen out I was wondering what I should do with her. I could not really get myself to just kill her and through her out, so I decided I would try to dry and exhibit her. First I needed to kill her in a gentle way. I did not have any organic solvents at home so I just figured I would get her drunk in Bacardi :o). I put her in a glass with some beads to lift her from the Bacardi rum in bottom. It took longer than I expected and she was not dead until the next morning. When I took out the queen […]

New queen in the castle

Back to my bee hive…. After the formic acid treatment in september I had decided to change the queen in the hive. She is marked yellow which means that she from 2012. Last year the hive behaved great, but this year she had several times started to make swarm cells, i.e. cells for new queens. If these are not removed, half the hive will swarm with either queen to a new location – typically a tree close by. This happened several time in “school hives” of the bee association that I am member of and it is quite an awesome thing to see – and to take down again. The […]

2014 batch 1: Cyser (4) Malolactic fermentation

Fermentation is over and the mead has been racked twice during the last 3 weeks. The taste of the mead is pleasant but it still has a sting to it from the malic acid. For that purpose I had purchased Malolactic bacteria from White Labs (WLP 675). It is a suspension that must be kept refrigerated until use. I found instructions (HERE) where it stated that there should be about 5 Brix of residual sugar which corresponds to a gravity of 1.020. Secondly the bacteria can be propagated in apple juice (or tomato juice). Finally the bacteria has high tolerance for low pH (pH 3.0) and an optimal performance at […]

2014 batch 1: Cyser (3) Possible nutrient deficiency

My fermentation did not exactly finalize as I had hoped/expected. The rate of bubbling in the airlock just kept slowing down over a much longer period than I anticipated. I tried to make plot of the fermentation events. I assumed that the amount of CO2 produced is proportional to the conversion going on and also proportional to the rate of bubbles from the airlock. Short time intervals corresponds to fast fermentation, so in inverted the time between bubbles and put it in % of the fastest bubble rate. For gravity I expected a drop of 0.107, so I calculated the gravity drop in percent of the expected maximum loss in […]

2014 batch 1: Cyser (2)

It is Sunday evening, and it is exactly 1 week ago that I added the yeast to the cyser. Now the gravity was measured to 1.044. It started at OG = 1.116, so it has already dropped 0.072. Last year I learned from experience that fermenting to 14% ABV lowers the gravity by something pretty close to 0.100. The sweet mead yeast has a max ABV of 15% so under optimum fermentation conditions the gravity should drop about 0.107. In that case my FG should end up at about 1.009, which means that I am 0.035 from my target FG or that the fermentation has progressed 2/3 in just one […]